Molecular Formula | C13 H18 O |
Molar Mass | 190.28 |
Density | 0.95g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
Boling Point | 270°C(lit.) |
Flash Point | 228°F |
JECFA Number | 1465 |
Water Solubility | 66mg/L at 20℃ |
Solubility | Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate, Methanol (Slightly) |
Vapor Presure | 0.3Pa at 20℃ |
Appearance | Oil |
Color | Colourless liquid. |
Odor | Powerful floral-green with a characteristic cucumber-melon note used in floral types. |
Storage Condition | Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature |
Stability | Hygroscopic |
Refractive Index | n20/D 1.505(lit.) |
MDL | MFCD00024160 |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless to light yellow liquid, exhibiting strong melon and flower aroma, with fragrance of melon. Boiling point 270 °c. Soluble in ethanol (1ml dissolved in 3mL 80% ethanol) and most oils, insoluble in glycerol and water, a few do not dissolve in propylene glycol. Stable in base. |
Use | For spices |
Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
Risk Codes | 38 - Irritating to the skin |
Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
WGK Germany | 2 |
RTECS | MW4900000 |
HS Code | 29122990 |
Toxicity | The acute oral LD50 value in rats was reported as 3*81 g/kg (Jenner, Hagan, Taylor, Cook & Fitzhugh, 1964). |
FEMA | 2743 | 2-METHYL-3-(P-ISOPROPYLPHENYL)PROPIONALDEHYDE |
LogP | 3.4 at 35℃ |
EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
brief introduction | rabbit ear grass aldehyde is a food spice allowed to be used according to the GB2760-96 "hygienic standard for the use of food additives" in our country. it can be used to prepare edible flavors of citrus and melons. it has a strong fragrance of melons and flowers, and has a fragrance similar to that of Roman melons. Other Chinese names of rabbit ear grass aldehyde are: p-isopropyl-α-methylphenylpropanal, cyclamen aldehyde, p-isopropyl-α-methyl hydrogenated cinnamaldehyde, 3-cumyl isobutyl ether. The aroma of rabbit ear grass aldehyde is stable and long-lasting, and stable to alkali. It can replace hydroxyvanillin and is compatible with a variety of flavors. Therefore, it is widely used in food, cosmetics and various detergents, especially widely used in various flavor formulas. All sweet floral flavors can be used in appropriate amounts to enhance the fragrance of green and fresh flowers and the sense of moisturizing and lasting. |
application | rabbit ear grass aldehyde is a permitted flavor in GB 2760-96. Rabbit eargrass aldehyde is mainly used to prepare fruit flavors such as melons and citrus. Rabbit ear grass aldehyde has an aroma similar to rabbit ear grass and lily flower, has little skin irritation, is stable in alkali, and is used to prepare floral flavor. The low-grade products with the lowest aldehyde content of rabbit ear grass are used in soap and detergent formulations, and the high-grade products with higher content are used in perfume flavors. Lilialdehyde has a tendency to replace cyclamen aldehyde. |
content analysis | determined by aldehyde determination method (OT-6). The sample amount used is 1.5g. The equivalent factor (e) in the calculation is 95.15. It should be determined by GT-10-4 non-polar column method. |
toxicity | LD50 3810mg/kg (rat, oral). |
usage limit | FEMA(mg/kg): soft drink 0.30; Cold drink 0.45; Candy 0.99; Baked food 1.2. Moderate limit (FDA § 172.515,2000). |
use | GB 2760-96 specifies edible spices that are allowed to be used. Mainly used to prepare fruit flavors such as melons and citrus. Cyclamen aldehyde has an aroma similar to rabbit ear grass and lily flower, has little skin irritation, is stable in alkali, and is used to prepare floral flavor. Low-grade products with the lowest aldehyde content are used in soap and detergent formulations, while high-grade products with higher content are used in perfume flavors. Lilialdehyde has a tendency to replace cyclamen aldehyde. Toxicity: The oral LD50 of rats is 3810mg/kg. used in spices widely used in various flavor formulations, all sweet floral flavors can be used in an appropriate amount to enhance the fragrance of green and fresh flowers and the sense of moist and lasting. It has good aroma coordination with violet ketones and rose spices. It can also be used as a food spice in trace amounts. Used in citrus and various fruity types. rabbit ear grass aldehyde is China's "food additives use health standards" provisions allowed to use food spices, can be used for the preparation of melons and citrus flavor. The usage amount in baked food is 1.2 mg/kg; 0.99 mg/kg in candy; 0.45 mg/kg in cold drinks; 0.3 mg/kg in soft drinks. |
production method | synthesis using dry Ming-based chlorine as raw material 174 parts of ethyl malonate are added into a 10% ethanol solution containing 68 parts of sodium ethoxide, heated to reflux, and then slowly added 168.5 parts of industrial dry Ming-based chlorine dropwise. When the reaction is over (the alkalinity disappears), add 1200 parts of 10% sodium hydroxide solution, and then heat and reflux for 4 hours. After evaporating the ethanol, the reactants are acidified with hydrochloric acid, and the obtained dry mylomethylmalonic acid is heated to 185°C until no carbon dioxide escapes. The product was fractionated under reduced pressure to collect the fraction at 153~157 ℃(533Pa), I .e. p-isopropyl-α-methyldihydrolauric acid containing a small amount of ortho derivatives, with a yield of 90%. Together with formic acid, the above products are converted into rabbit ear grass aldehyde through a reaction tube with MnO2/pumice controlled at 350 ℃, and the yield is 80%. The crude product is distilled under reduced pressure and the fraction at 118~120 ℃(800Pa) is collected to obtain the finished product. 10kg of potassium hydroxide was dissolved in 400kg of ethanol, mixed with ketaldehyde at 10 ℃, and 60kg of propanal was slowly dripped into it under stirring within 2~6h, and the temperature was kept at 10~15 ℃. Neutralize the reactants with acetic acid, first evaporate ethanol at normal pressure, then distill under reduced pressure to recover about 45kg of unreacted cumferal, and then collect the fraction at 152~158 ℃(1200Pa), which is p-isopropyl-α-methyl cinnamaldehyde with 1.5860 refractive index. The above products are dissolved in ethanol, placed in an autoclave, added with 10% mass of reduced nickel or palladium-carbon catalyst, and hydrogenated at 100 ℃. After that, the catalyst is filtered out, the solvent is recovered by atmospheric distillation, and the fraction at 133~137 ℃(1.2kPa) is collected, which is the product. The isopropyl benzene reacts with formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid to form p-isopropyl benzyl chloride, and then reacts with ukotopin to form dill aldehyde, and then condensed with propanal to obtain p-isopropyl-α-methyl cinnamaldehyde, Finally, cyclamen aldehyde is obtained by catalytic hydrogenation. If tert-butylbenzene is used as the raw material, lily aldehyde can be produced by the above method, which has a softer aroma. Similarly, there are 3-(β-naphthyl)-2-methylpropanal. It also has the aroma of cyclamen aldehyde, but with a more delicate fragrance. Cyclamen aldehyde can be synthesized in one step in the presence of catalyst titanium chloride using cumene and α-methacrolein as raw materials, which is an interesting new method. It is formed by condensation of p-isopropylbenzaldehyde and propionaldehyde, hydrogenation, catalytic oxidation, and rectification. It is made of cumene by chloromethylation, condensation, and selective hydrogenation. |